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Space Heating
Electric Resistance Heaters
Baseboard
Electrician installs
Except in special cases, not allowed by VT efficiency code
Space heaters
Super cheap to buy $30-$100
Super expensive if heating whole house
Really great to heat one room
Incentives
None
Heatpump Window Unit
Like your window AC but can provide heat as well
Options for 120V (normal wall outlet) and 240V
$500-$3000
Great option for renters/trailers/smaller areas
Not common yet. More and better options are coming to market
Efficiencies/capabilities can vary greatly model to model. Few are true cold climate heatpumps.
Different Styles
Standard
Likely cheapest, somewhat loud
Saddle
More efficient and quiet. Also leaves more of your window for use
“Portable”
Works in windows the other two can’t fit in
Louder and less efficient (the double hose versions are more efficient than the single hose versions)
Incentives
Federal
*30% of cost tax credit ($2000 cap/yr) incentive from IRA
*up to $8000 rebate LMI Incentive from IRA
Vermont
Rebates from Burlington Electric Department
$100 (Energy Star most efficient)
Heatpump "Mini Split"
Most common type of heatpump in US
Most efficient heatpumps are this type
Often installed for just one room but can be installed to multiple rooms
Often too powerful for small rooms (<10’x10’)
The type most contractors are used to installing
Incentives
Federal
*30% of cost tax credit ($2000 cap/yr) incentive from IRA
*up to $8000 rebate LMI Incentive from IRA
Vermont
Rebates from Burlington Electric Department
$1350-$5450 (depends on tons)
+$500 for LMI
+$1000-$2000 through contractor (depends on tons)
Outdoor unit
Whole House Heating
Heatpump Outdoor Unit
So many different kinds of Heatpumps!
But the outside compressor probably looks something like this
Cold climate models rated to work in -15F temps
non-cold climate models typically rated down to only 40F
Can integrate electric resistance backup
Furnace Replacement (Centrally ducted)
Straight swap in replacement for a gas furnace
Fewer experienced contractors
Existing ducts may need to be upsized
Incentives
Federal
*30% of cost tax credit ($2000 cap/yr) incentive from IRA
*up to $8000 rebate LMI Incentive from IRA
Vermont
Rebates from Burlington Electric Department
$1250-$6250 (depending on efficiency)
+$400 for LMI
+$1000-$2000 through contractor (depending on efficiency)
Boiler Replacement (Hydronic - baseboard or radiant floor)
Straight swap in for a gas boiler
Very few experienced contractors in VT
More common in UK and Australia
Existing Radiators may need to be upsized
Incentives
Federal
*30% of cost tax credit ($2000 cap/yr) incentive from IRA
*up to $8000 rebate LMI Incentive from IRA
Vermont
Rebates from Burlington Electric Department
$2000/ton
+$400 for LMI
*Federal IRA (Inflation Reduction Act) incentive that has been repealed by the Big Beautiful Bill Act in 2025 or is paused due to uncertainty of federal funding
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